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Study Type: Cross-sectional observational study

Key Question: What are the distinctive OCT features that can identify inactive MFCPU/PIC lesions and differentiate them from other inflammatory chorioretinal scars?

Key Findings:

• Bruch's membrane disruption occurred in 94.7% of MFCPU/PIC lesions versus 6.1% of other inflammatory scars (p<0.001), representing the most discriminating feature
• Inner nuclear layer herniation was significantly more frequent in MFCPU/PIC (57.9% vs 4.3%, p<0.001)
• MFCPU/PIC lesions showed characteristic focal choroidal excavation with lower choroidal thickness coefficients compared to mimickers

Clinical Relevance: These OCT biomarkers provide objective diagnostic criteria for identifying inactive MFCPU/PIC when clinical signs of inflammation are absent, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy in challenging cases within NHS uveitis services.

Limitations: Cross-sectional design prevents assessment of how these features evolve over time or their relationship to disease activity progression.

Study Type: Prospective cohort study (subgroup analysis)

Key Question: Does baseline microvasculature dropout (MvD) on OCT angiography predict structural and functional progression in preperimetric glaucoma?

Key Findings:

• Eyes with baseline MvD showed faster circumpapillary capillary density loss (-0.88%/year vs -0.23%/year) and higher rates of visual field defect development (62.5% vs 26.2%, P<0.001)
• MvD independently predicted capillary density loss (-0.63%/year, P<0.001) but not retinal nerve fibre layer thinning over 4.9 years follow-up
• MvD presence significantly increased risk of conversion from preperimetric to perimetric glaucoma

Clinical Relevance: This supports using OCT angiography to risk-stratify preperimetric glaucoma patients in NHS clinics, potentially allowing more intensive monitoring for high-risk cases with MvD and less frequent follow-up for those without.

Limitations: Subgroup analysis of a larger cohort may introduce selection bias and reduce generalisability.

Study Type: Pharmacovigilance study using post-marketing surveillance data

Key Question: What ocular adverse events are disproportionately reported with FGFR inhibitors in real-world clinical use?

Key Findings:

• Among 1,582 FGFR inhibitor adverse events, 200 (12.6%) were ocular, with erdafitinib accounting for 75% of ocular reports
• Erdafitinib showed highest signals for corneal thinning (ROR 321, 95% CI 102-1009), ocular toxicity (ROR 225), and xerophthalmia (ROR 138)
• Pemigatinib was associated with serous retinal detachment (ROR 180), subretinal fluid (ROR 165), and RPE detachment (ROR 110)

Clinical Relevance: UK ophthalmologists treating patients on systemic FGFR inhibitors should monitor for specific ocular complications beyond those in current product labelling, particularly anterior segment toxicity with erdafitinib and retinal complications with pemigatinib.

Limitations: Findings represent disproportional reporting signals rather than true incidence rates or proven causation.

Study Type: Prospective cohort study

Key Question: Does three-dimensional eye shape predict 15-year structural and functional outcomes in patients with high myopia?

Key Findings:

• Nasally distorted eyes had fastest axial elongation (0.095 mm/year) and 5.74-fold higher odds of rapid elongation compared to spheroidal eyes
• Deformed eye shapes had 7-fold higher risk of macular choroidal thinning (OR 7.24, 95% CI 1.77-29.63)
• Nasally distorted and conical shapes showed greatest risks for choroidal thinning, myopic macular degeneration progression, and visual field defects over 15 years

Clinical Relevance: MRI-based eye shape classification could enable risk stratification and personalised monitoring schedules for high myopia patients in UK services, potentially identifying those needing more intensive follow-up.

Limitations: Single-centre Chinese cohort may limit generalisability to UK populations with different genetic and environmental risk factors.

Study Type: Case series

Key Question: What are the risks of bilateral occlusive retinal vasculitis following rechallenge with faricimab anti-VEGF therapy?

Key Findings:

• Multiple patients developed bilateral occlusive retinal vasculitis after being rechallenged with faricimab following previous adverse reactions
• The vasculitis presented as severe bilateral retinal vascular occlusion with significant visual impairment
• Rechallenge with faricimab after initial adverse events appears to carry substantial risk of severe bilateral complications

Clinical Relevance: This highlights critical safety concerns for UK ophthalmologists using faricimab, particularly the need for extreme caution when considering retreatment in patients who have previously experienced adverse reactions to this anti-VEGF agent.

Limitations: Limited sample size as a case series prevents determination of true incidence rates or identification of predictive risk factors. Note: This abstract appears to lack sufficient detail to provide specific clinical data such as patient numbers, timeframes, or outcome measures.

Study Type: Longitudinal cohort study

Key Question: What contrast sensitivity threshold is associated with functional visual disability in older adults?

Key Findings:

• A threshold of 1.60 logCS optimally discriminated functional visual disability with 67% sensitivity and 70% specificity
• Each 0.1-unit decrease in baseline contrast sensitivity was associated with 12% higher odds of incident self-reported visual disability (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08-1.16)
• Participants developing new visual disability showed mean contrast sensitivity decline from 1.62 to 1.56 logCS over one year

Clinical Relevance: This provides the first functionally-anchored contrast sensitivity threshold for identifying older adults at risk of visual disability, potentially improving clinical assessment beyond visual acuity alone in NHS eye services.

Limitations: The moderate sensitivity and specificity (67% and 70% respectively) limit the threshold's discriminatory power for clinical decision-making.